Departmentation is the process of dividing an organization’s work into smaller, specialized units called departments. It helps simplify complex operations, ensures specialization, and improves coordination by grouping similar tasks together. Through functional, product, geographical, customer, or process-based structures, departmentation clearly defines authority and responsibility, making supervision and accountability more effective. It also supports growth and expansion by creating a systematic framework for adding new units or product lines. In short, departmentation provides the backbone of organizational structure, enabling efficiency, clarity, and long-term success.